Communication Arts/Literature (Grades 5–12) Subtest 1

Subarea II. Reading

0003

Apply knowledge of language development and reading development.

demonstrating knowledge of theories of language acquisition, development, and processes, including specific cognitive and social processes that affect language development during the adolescent years
demonstrating knowledge of how home language, dialect, and additional languages are acquired, developed, and utilized in the classroom
demonstrating knowledge of the role of fluency in reading development, the components of fluency, and the factors that influence fluency
applying knowledge of strategies for differentiating reading instruction and materials selection to meet the needs of students of varying reading proficiency levels and linguistic, socioeconomic, and cultural backgrounds
applying knowledge of strategies for scaffolding reading tasks to strengthen comprehension skills of students of varying reading proficiency levels
applying knowledge of strategies for building student schema and metacognition to promote comprehension at higher levels of thinking
applying knowledge of the historical and contemporary development of the English language

0004

Apply knowledge of strategies for developing reading comprehension and vocabulary knowledge.

applying knowledge of factors that influence reading comprehension (e.g., motivation, engagement, background knowledge, fluency) and of oral and written language activities that enhance reading comprehension
applying knowledge of research-based reading comprehension strategies to use before, during, and after reading (e.g., predicting, self-monitoring, paraphrasing, summarizing) for a particular text and purpose
applying knowledge of strategies for developing literal and inferential reading comprehension skills (e.g., identifying a sequence of events in a text, drawing conclusions from information presented in a text)
applying knowledge of how text structures and features enhance comprehension of academic discourse and discipline-specific texts
applying knowledge of how context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph, a word's position or function in a sentence) impacts the meanings of words
applying knowledge of Greek or Latin affixes and roots to identify word meanings
applying knowledge of connotative meanings of words with similar denotative meanings and the use of vocabulary across multiple subject areas to denote and connote similar and different meanings
applying knowledge of factors that influence vocabulary development and strategies for promoting development of academic language
demonstrating knowledge of strategies for determining the meaning of multiple-meaning words and phrases
demonstrating knowledge of strategies for consulting general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses, electronic sources) to determine the pronunciation, precise meaning, part of speech, etymology, and standard usage of words

0005

Apply knowledge of strategies for comprehending and analyzing informational texts.

applying knowledge of key textual features and organizational structures of various types of informational texts
determining the explicit meaning of informational texts and drawing inferences from informational texts based on textual evidence, including evidence presented in visual form (e.g., charts, graphs, diagrams, illustrations, photographs)
determining the central idea(s) of informational texts and analyzing the development of the central idea(s) over the course of a text
distinguishing between fact and opinion
determining the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in informational texts, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings, and analyzing how authors use and refine the meaning of key terms over the course of a text
analyzing the use of rhetorical devices and techniques and the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone in informational texts
recognizing an objective, accurate summary of an informational text
determining an author's point of view and purpose and analyzing how an author acknowledges and responds to conflicting viewpoints
delineating and evaluating the argument and specific claims in a text
assessing the validity of reasoning and the relevance, importance, and sufficiency of evidence, examples, and reasons provided to explain a concept or support an argument
analyzing how authors writing about the same topic, including topics related to Minnesota American Indians or other diverse cultures, shape their presentation of key information by emphasizing evidence or advancing interpretations of facts and identifying where the authors disagree on matters of fact or interpretation
analyzing contemporary documents for evidence of bias or closed perspective, including absent narratives
analyzing documents of historical and literary significance (e.g., the Gettysburg Address; Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail"; speeches by Sojourner Truth, Chief Seattle, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Nelson Mandela), including examining how they address related themes and concepts

0006

Apply knowledge of formal, stylistic, and thematic characteristics of literary genres.

applying knowledge of the formal, stylistic, and thematic characteristics of literary genres and works from the oral tradition
applying knowledge of genres of prose fiction and their characteristic elements and structures, including literary works written for preadolescents and adolescents
applying knowledge of genres of drama and their characteristic elements and structures
applying knowledge of genres of poetry and their characteristic elements and structures
analyzing the use of literary and rhetorical devices and techniques in literary texts
determining the themes and central ideas explored in a literary text and analyzing how two or more literary texts treat similar themes or topics
analyzing the development of plot, setting, and characters in literary texts using evidence from the texts
analyzing the point of view, tone, and mood in literary texts using evidence from the texts
determining the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in literary texts, including figurative and connotative meanings, and analyzing the impact of specific word choices on the meaning and tone of literary texts

0007

Apply knowledge of authors and works of literature from around the world.

applying knowledge of the formal, stylistic, and thematic characteristics of major works, movements, and periods of American literature, including literature by and about Minnesota American Indians, as well as members of other diverse cultures
applying knowledge of eighteenth-, nineteenth-, and early twentieth- century foundational works of American literature, including American Indian and other diverse cultures' texts, and how two or more texts from the same period treat similar themes or topics
applying knowledge of a wide range of authors who represent a diverse range of perspectives, their representative works, and their significance in the development of global literature from ancient times through the twenty-first century
applying knowledge of the formal, stylistic, and thematic characteristics of significant works, movements, and periods of global literature from ancient times through the twenty-first century, including texts from religions, myths, and folk literature and oral traditions
analyzing how authors draw on and reinterpret themes, patterns of events, and character types from myths and traditional stories, including stories, poems, and historical novels by and about Minnesota American Indians, as well as other diverse cultures
applying knowledge of the historical, social, and cultural contexts in which works of literature were developed to analyze the expression of diverse voices, values, attitudes, and ideas in literary texts
analyzing how authors draw on and transform earlier literary works to develop original works, including how Minnesota American Indian and other diverse authors use oral tradition to create works of literature

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