Elementary Education (Grades K–6) Subtest 3
Subarea I.1. Science
0018
Understand concepts related to scientific knowledge, engineering practices, and inquiry.
- recognizing characteristics of scientific knowledge (e.g., reliance on verifiable data, the use of theoretical models) and engineering practices (e.g., building models, refining design), the historical development of important ideas, and how diverse cultures and individuals have influenced and contributed to developments in science and engineering fields
- recognizing questions and concepts that can be explored through scientific inquiry or engineering practices; comparing multiple types of inquiry for answering questions; and evaluating alternative explanations and models based on evidence, current scientific understanding, and logic
- demonstrating knowledge of the design of scientific investigations (e.g., controlled experimentation) and engineering solutions (e.g., developing prototypes) and the use of appropriate scientific instrumentation, equipment, and mathematics as tools in scientific investigations and communication
- demonstrating knowledge of connections across the domains of science; between science, engineering, and technology; and between science and other school subjects and the use of scientific understandings and abilities when making decisions about personal and societal issues
- demonstrating knowledge of legal responsibilities and recognized safety guidelines for teaching science and the correct use of required safety equipment for classroom, field, and laboratory settings
- demonstrating knowledge of the proper use and care of chemicals, supplies, and equipment used to teach science and of the ethics and restrictions on the use and care of organisms and the collecting of scientific specimens and data
0019
Understand the fundamental concepts and principles of physical science.
- applying knowledge of the structure and properties of matter and of physical and chemical changes in matter
- analyzing the forces that act on objects (e.g., using graphs to analyze the motion of objects in terms of speed and direction)
- demonstrating knowledge of the properties and characteristics of light, heat, electricity, and magnetism
- demonstrating knowledge of the properties and characteristics of different forms of energy and of concepts related to the transfer, transformation, and conservation of energy
0020
Understand the fundamental concepts and principles of life science.
- demonstrating knowledge of the characteristics, structures, functions, and life processes of plants, animals, and other living organisms
- demonstrating knowledge of physiological processes that regulate and maintain life processes and behavioral responses to internal or external stimuli
- applying knowledge of the life cycles and reproductive processes of common organisms and the principles of heredity in the transmission of traits from one generation to the next
- applying knowledge of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment
- recognizing characteristics of and interactions among populations of organisms in ecosystems, including the impact of humans on various ecosystems
- demonstrating knowledge of the diversity of organisms and the ways in which organisms have adapted to their environments
0021
Understand the fundamental concepts and principles of Earth and space science.
- recognizing characteristics, properties, and uses of Earth materials
- recognizing properties and characteristics of objects in space (e.g., sun, planets, comets)
- applying knowledge of Earth's position and movement in the solar system and interactions between Earth, the moon, and the sun (e.g., seasons, tides)
- demonstrating knowledge of the properties and processes of Earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere and interactions between them
- demonstrating knowledge of the history of Earth, including geologic and atmospheric processes that have changed and shaped the surface of Earth and its environment and evidence of these changes (e.g., fossils)
- recognizing the interactions between humans and Earth systems (e.g., atmospheric changes, acid rain, earthquakes, floods)
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