Physical Education (Grades K–12) Subtest 2
Subarea I.1. Physical Fitness and Wellness
0009
Demonstrate knowledge of the organic, skeletal, and neuromuscular structures of the human body and how these structures adapt and contribute to physical activity, motor performance, fitness, and wellness.
- demonstrating knowledge of the general organization and components of the major body systems (e.g., nervous, skeletal, muscular, cardiorespiratory)
- distinguishing between functions, actions, and physiological processes of the major body systems
- recognizing the interactions of body systems in producing movement and ways in which energy systems are utilized during physical activity
- analyzing factors that affect physical activity, motor performance, fitness, and wellness (e.g., genetic factors, body type, gender, substance abuse and other lifestyle factors)
- recognizing potential health risks associated with inactivity and low levels of physical fitness
- analyzing the role of physical activity in managing stress and preventing illness and disease
0010
Apply knowledge of concepts and principles related to exercise physiology, physical fitness, and cardiorespiratory endurance.
- recognizing physiological changes and adaptations that result from regular physical activity and exercise (e.g., short- and long-term effects on cardiorespiratory, muscular, skeletal, neural, and endocrine structures)
- applying knowledge of the major components of health-related fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition) and the types of physical activities used to address each component
- applying knowledge of the major components of performance-related fitness (i.e., agility, balance, coordination, and reaction time) and the types of physical activities used to address each component
- distinguishing among physical conditioning and training principles (e.g., FITT principle, specificity, overload, progression, reversibility) and ways in which they are used and adjusted to improve physical fitness
- applying knowledge of techniques, skills, activities, considerations, and resources for developing, monitoring, and assessing cardiorespiratory endurance (e.g., appropriate levels of intensity, duration, and frequency; technological aids)
- demonstrating knowledge of appropriate fitness tests, procedures, and techniques for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness
0011
Apply knowledge of principles, skills, activities, and safety practices for developing flexibility and muscular strength and endurance.
- recognizing types and characteristics of flexibility and muscular strength and endurance training and appropriate considerations for training (e.g., static and dynamic stretching, progressive resistance, beginner workloads)
- applying knowledge of principles, skills, techniques, activities, equipment, and safety practices for promoting flexibility
- applying knowledge of principles, skills, techniques, activities, equipment, and safety practices for promoting muscular strength and endurance
- evaluating the safety and effectiveness of various types of flexibility and strengthening exercises
- demonstrating knowledge of appropriate fitness tests, procedures, and techniques for assessing flexibility and muscular strength and endurance
- recognizing the benefits of regular participation in flexibility and muscular strength and endurance activities (e.g., improved posture, increased resistance to injury)
0012
Apply knowledge of health-related concepts, principles, procedures, and resources for developing and maintaining wellness and healthy levels of body composition.
- demonstrating understanding of the components of wellness and the influence of personal hygiene, lifestyle behaviors, and other factors on health and wellness
- recognizing basic nutritional principles, sources and roles of nutrients, and ways in which nutrition affects physical performance, health, and wellness
- applying knowledge of principles, criteria, resources, and methods for designing, implementing, and monitoring individualized fitness plans (e.g., establishing realistic goals, making appropriate choices, maintaining activity logs)
- recognizing procedures, activities, and resources for developing, estimating, and attaining healthy levels of body composition
- applying knowledge of sound weight management principles and practices
- recognizing approaches, techniques, and resources for motivating students to develop and maintain lifelong healthy eating and physical activity habits
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