Earth and Space Science (Grades 9–12) Subtest 1
Subarea I.1. Concepts and Applications in Earth and Space Science
0001
Understand the principles and processes of scientific inquiry in Earth and space science investigations.
- demonstrating knowledge of the principles of scientific inquiry and the design of Earth and space science investigations, including the processes of gathering, organizing, and communicating scientific information
- applying unifying themes, principles, and relationships that connect the different branches of the sciences to analyze Earth and space science systems
- demonstrating knowledge of the tools and equipment used in the different disciplines within Earth and space science, including remote sensing technologies, measurement devices, and astronomical equipment
- recognizing procedures and sources of information for the safe and proper use of equipment and materials used in Earth and space science investigations
0002
Understand applications of Earth and space science in everyday life and the use of computers, mathematical analysis, and modeling in Earth and space science.
- recognizing opportunities for further education and careers in Earth and space science and the role of Earth and space science in everyday life
- demonstrating knowledge of the use of computers in Earth and space science investigations
- applying mathematical analysis to the interpretation of Earth and space science data
- demonstrating knowledge of appropriate procedures, units, and levels of precision for measuring, collecting, and representing data in Earth and space science investigations
- demonstrating knowledge of conceptual, physical, and computer models used in Earth and space science
- recognizing how computer models and geographic information systems are used to analyze, interpret, and predict changes in Earth systems
- analyzing geologic and topographic maps, stratigraphic columns, and geologic cross sections to understand geologic history, geologic structures, and landforms
0003
Understand the content and methods for developing students' content-area reading skills to support their reading and learning in Earth and space science.
- demonstrating knowledge of key components and processes involved in reading (e.g., vocabulary knowledge, including orthographic and morphological knowledge; background knowledge; knowledge of academic discourse, including the syntactic and organizational structures used in print and digital academic texts; print processing abilities, including decoding skills; use of cognitive and metacognitive skills and strategies)
- demonstrating ability to plan instruction and select strategies to support all students' content-area reading (e.g., differentiating instruction to meet the needs of students with varying reading proficiency levels and linguistic backgrounds, identifying and addressing gaps in students' background knowledge, scaffolding reading tasks for students who experience comprehension difficulties)
- demonstrating knowledge of explicit strategies for facilitating students' comprehension before, during, and after reading content-area texts and for promoting their use of comprehension strategies
- demonstrating knowledge of explicit strategies for promoting students' academic language and vocabulary development, including their knowledge of domain-specific vocabulary words
- demonstrating knowledge of explicit strategies for developing students' critical literacy skills (e.g., encouraging students to question texts, developing students' ability to analyze texts from multiple viewpoints or perspectives)
- demonstrating ability to plan instruction and select strategies that support students' reading and understanding of sources of information in Earth and space science (e.g., helping students follow laboratory instructions and interpret diagrams and graphs)
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